Which part of the limbic system is involved in memory, learning, and emotion?

The hippocampus is a critical structure within the limbic system that significantly contributes to memory formation, learning processes, and the modulation of emotions. It plays a vital role in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, enabling us to retain and recall information. The hippocampus is also involved in spatial memory, which helps us navigate our environment.

In contrast, while the amygdala is indeed part of the limbic system and primarily deals with emotional responses, particularly fear and pleasure, it does not have the same direct involvement in memory formation as the hippocampus. The cerebellum, though important for coordination and motor control, is not part of the limbic system and does not directly handle emotional or memory-related functions. The thalamus serves as a relay station for sensory information and is also not primarily related to memory or emotional processing. Hence, the hippocampus stands out as the key region associated with the functions mentioned in the question.