Which learning theory seeks to understand the internal mental processes involved in learning?

Cognitivism is the learning theory that focuses on understanding the internal mental processes involved in learning. This approach emphasizes how information is processed, stored, and retrieved within the mind. Cognitivism looks at how learners mentally construct knowledge, the role of memory, and the impact of perception and attention on learning. It recognizes that learning is not just a response to external stimuli, as emphasized by behaviorism, but also involves active mental engagement and cognitive development.

This theory considers aspects such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and understanding how learners build upon prior knowledge and experiences to create new understanding. By investigating these internal processes, cognitivism provides insights into how learners process information, leading to more effective instructional strategies that align with how the brain functions during learning.