What is the term for anything that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated?

Reinforcement is the term used to describe any stimulus or condition that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. In behavioral science, reinforcement is crucial in shaping behavior, as it encourages individuals to continue engaging in certain actions. Positive reinforcement involves presenting a motivating item or reward after the desired behavior is exhibited, which increases the chances of that behavior being repeated in the future. Conversely, negative reinforcement involves removing an unfavorable outcome or stimulus when the desired behavior occurs, also promoting the repetition of that behavior.

This concept of reinforcement is central to many learning theories, as it highlights the relationship between behavior and its consequences, which can ultimately lead to behavior modification and skill acquisition.